Matoshree Indirabai Baburao Sarnaik TMC Hospital, Nalpada

Diagnostic pathology, also known as anatomical pathology or surgical pathology, is a specialized branch of medicine that focuses on the study and diagnosis of diseases through the examination of tissues and cells. It plays a critical role in identifying the underlying causes of diseases, aiding in treatment decisions and patient management.

In diagnostics pathology, pathologists analyse tissue samples obtained through biopsies, surgical resections, or autopsies....Read More

Pathologists use a wide range of diagnostic techniques and tools to aid in their assessments. These may include histology, immunohistochemistry, molecular testing, cytology, and electron microscopy. By combining their knowledge of human anatomy, cellular biology, and disease processes, pathologists can make accurate diagnoses and provide valuable information to guide treatment decisions.

The field of diagnostics pathology encompasses various subspecialties, including surgical pathology, cytopathology, hematopathology, neuropathology, and dermatopathology. Each subspecialty focuses on specific types of diseases or organ systems, enabling pathologists to develop expertise in those areas.

Diagnostics pathology is an essential component of the multidisciplinary healthcare team, collaborating closely with clinicians, radiologists, and other specialists. The pathologist's findings and interpretations help inform treatment plans, prognosis, and patient outcomes. Pathology reports are crucial in guiding surgeons, oncologists, and other physicians in determining the most appropriate therapies and interventions for patients.

Advancements in technology and molecular techniques have expanded the role of diagnostics pathology. Molecular pathology, for instance, involves analysing genetic and molecular alterations within tissues to provide insights into personalized treatment approaches and prognostic information.

In conclusion, diagnostics pathology is a vital medical specialty that uses microscopic examination and various laboratory techniques to diagnose diseases by studying tissue samples. It provides critical information that aids in treatment decisions, prognosis, and patient care. Through the expertise of pathologists and ongoing advancements in diagnostic techniques, diagnostics pathology continues to play a crucial role in improving patient outcomes and advancing medical knowledge.

Haematology: Haematology is the study of blood and blood-related disorders. In the field of pathology, haematology involves the analysis of blood samples to evaluate the cellular components, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Haematological tests provide valuable information about a patient's overall health, including the diagnosis and monitoring of various blood disorders, such as anaemia, leukaemia, and clotting disorders.

Biochemistry: Biochemistry is the branch of science that focuses on the chemical processes and substances occurring within living organisms. In pathology, biochemistry involves the analysis of blood, urine, and other body fluids to assess organ function, detect abnormalities, and diagnose diseases. Biochemical tests measure levels of various substances, such as glucose, electrolytes, enzymes, hormones, and lipid profiles, providing insights into organ function, metabolic disorders, and endocrine imbalances.

Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio (PI/INR): PTINR stands for Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio. It is a blood test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot. PT/INR is primarily used to monitor and adjust the dosage of the anticoagulant medication warfarin (also known as Coumadin).

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis (ABG): Arterial blood gas analysis involves the measurement of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels in arterial blood samples. This test provides information about a patient's respiratory function, acid-base balance, and oxygenation status. ABG analysis is crucial in assessing and managing conditions such as respiratory distress, acidosis, alkalosis, and monitoring the effectiveness of respiratory interventions.

Activated Clotting Time (ACT): Activated Clotting Time (ACT) is a test used during surgical procedures to assess the effectiveness of anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass or other interventions.

Routine Microscopy: Routine microscopy involves the examination of body fluids and tissues under a microscope to identify cellular abnormalities, microorganisms, or other pathologic features. This includes the examination of blood smears, urine samples, and other body fluid specimens to aid in the diagnosis of various conditions, such as infections, cancers, and inflammatory disorders.

Basic Serology: Basic serology refers to the analysis of blood serum to detect and measure the presence of antibodies, antigens, or other specific proteins in the bloodstream. Serological tests are used to diagnose infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, allergies, and evaluate immunological responses. Common serological tests include those for detecting antibodies against specific pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria.

Platinum Hospitals' pathology department is equipped with advanced laboratory facilities and staffed by experienced pathologists and medical technologists. We adhere to strict quality control measures, ensuring accurate and reliable test results. Our pathology services play a vital role in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of various diseases, providing valuable insights for our healthcare providers to deliver optimal patient care.

Note: It's important to consult with healthcare professionals for specific information and interpretation of test results as they relate to individual medical conditions and circumstances.